TIGR00933, Trk_system_potassium_uptake_protein_trkH., potassium uptake protein, TrkH family. The proteins of the Trk family are derived from Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, yeast and wheat. The proteins of E. coli K12 TrkH and TrkG as well as several yeast proteins have been functionally characterized.The E. coli TrkH and TrkG proteins are complexed to two peripheral membrane proteins, TrkA, an NAD-binding protein, and TrkE, an ATP-binding protein. This complex forms the potassium uptake system. [Transport and binding proteins, Cations and iron carrying compounds].
pfam01501, Glyco_transf_8, Glycosyl transferase family 8. This family includes enzymes that transfer sugar residues to donor molecules. Members of this family are involved in lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis and glycogen synthesis. This family includes Lipopolysaccharide galactosyltransferase, lipopolysaccharide glucosyltransferase 1, and glycogenin glucosyltransferase.
cd00840, MPP_Mre11_N, Mre11 nuclease, N-terminal metallophosphatase domain. Mre11 (also known as SbcD in Escherichia coli) is a subunit of the MRX protein complex. This complex includes: Mre11, Rad50, and Xrs2/Nbs1, and plays a vital role in several nuclear processes including DNA double-strand break repair, telomere length maintenance, cell cycle checkpoint control, and meiotic recombination, in eukaryotes. During double-strand break repair, the MRX complex is required to hold the two ends of a broken chromosome together. In vitro studies show that Mre11 has 3'-5' exonuclease activity on dsDNA templates and endonuclease activity on dsDNA and ssDNA templates. In addition to the N-terminal phosphatase domain, the eukaryotic MRE11 members of this family have a C-terminal DNA binding domain (not included in this alignment model). MRE11-like proteins are found in prokaryotes and archaea was well as in eukaryotes. Mre11 belongs to the metallophosphatase (MPP) superfamily. MPPs are functionally diverse, but all share a conserved domain with an active site consisting of two metal ions (usually manganese, iron, or zinc) coordinated with octahedral geometry by a cage of histidine, aspartate, and asparagine residues. The MPP superfamily includes: Mre11/SbcD-like exonucleases, Dbr1-like RNA lariat debranching enzymes, YfcE-like phosphodiesterases, purple acid phosphatases (PAPs), YbbF-like UDP-2,3-diacylglucosamine hydrolases, and acid sphingomyelinases (ASMases). The conserved domain is a double beta-sheet sandwich with a di-metal active site made up of residues located at the C-terminal side of the sheets. This domain is thought to allow for productive metal coordination.
TIGR02384, Putative_antitoxin_RelB, addiction module antitoxin, RelB/DinJ family. Plasmids may be maintained stably in bacterial populations through the action of addiction modules, in which a toxin and antidote are encoded in a cassette on the plasmid. In any daughter cell that lacks the plasmid, the toxin persists and is lethal after the antidote protein is depleted. Toxin/antitoxin pairs are also found on main chromosomes, and likely represent selfish DNA. Sequences in the seed for this alignment all were found adjacent to toxin genes. The resulting model appears to describe a narrower set of proteins than pfam04221, although many in the scope of this model are not obviously paired with toxin proteins. Several toxin/antitoxin pairs may occur in a single species. [Cellular processes, Toxin production and resistance, Mobile and extrachromosomal element functions, Other].
pfam02674, Colicin_V, Colicin V production protein. Colicin V production protein is required in E. Coli for colicin V production from plasmid pColV-K30. This protein is coded for in the purF operon.
pfam04347, FliO, Flagellar biosynthesis protein, FliO. FliO is an essential component of the flagellum-specific protein export apparatus. It is an integral membrane protein. Its precise molecular function is unknown.
pfam06769, YoeB_toxin, YoeB-like toxin of bacterial type II toxin-antitoxin system. YoeB_toxin is a family of bacterial toxins that forms one component of the type II toxin-antitoxin system in E. coli whose antitoxin is represented by YefM, found in pfam02604. The plasmid encoded Axe-Txe proteins in Enterococcus faecium act as an antitoxin-toxin pair. When the plasmid is lost, the antitoxin is degraded relatively quickly by host enzymes. This allows the toxin to interact with its intracellular target, thus killing the cell or impeding cell growth. These toxins are highly potent protein synthesis inhibitors, specifically blocking the initiation of translation. In the case of YoeB, it binds to the 50 S ribosomal subunit in 70 S ribosomes and interacts with the A site leading to mRNA cleavage at this site. As a result, the 3'-end portion of the mRNA is released from ribosomes, and translation initiation is effectively inhibited.
smart00283, MA, Methyl-accepting chemotaxis-like domains (chemotaxis sensory transducer). Thought to undergo reversible methylation in response to attractants or repellants during bacterial chemotaxis.
TIGR02258, UPF0097_protein_AF_2157, 2'-5' RNA ligase. This protein family consists of bacterial and archaeal proteins with two tandem copies of Pfam domain pfam02834. Members for which activity has been measured perform a reversible, ATP-independent 2'-5'-ligation of what is presumably a non-phyiological substrate: half-tRNA splice intermediates from an intron-containing yeast tRNA. The physiological substrate(s) in prokaryotes may include small 2'-5'-link-containing oligonucleotides, perhaps with regulatory or biosynthetic roles. [Transcription, RNA processing].
COG4232, COG4232, Thiol:disulfide interchange protein [Posttranslational modification, protein turnover, chaperones / Energy production and conversion].
cd13134, MATE_like_8, Uncharacterized subfamily of the multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE) proteins. The integral membrane proteins from the MATE family are involved in exporting metabolites across the cell membrane and are responsible for multidrug resistance (MDR) in many bacteria and animals. A number of family members are involved in the synthesis of peptidoglycan components in bacteria.
cd08504, PBP2_OppA, The substrate-binding component of an ABC-type oligopetide import system contains the type 2 periplasmic binding fold. This family represents the periplasmic substrate-binding component of an ATP-binding cassette (ABC)-type oligopeptide transport system comprised of 5 subunits. The transport system OppABCDEF contains two homologous integral membrane proteins OppB and OppF that form the translocation pore; two homologous nucleotide-binding domains OppD and OppF that drive the transport process through binding and hydrolysis of ATP; and the substrate-binding protein or receptor OppA that determines the substrate specificity of the transport system. The dipeptide (DppA) and oligopeptide (OppA) binding proteins differ in several ways. The DppA binds dipeptides and some tripeptides and is involved in chemotaxis toward dipeptides, whereas the OppA binds peptides of a wide range of lengths (2-35 amino acid residues) and plays a role in recycling of cell wall peptides, which precludes any involvement in chemotaxis. Most of other periplasmic binding proteins are comprised of only two globular subdomains corresponding to domains I and III of the dipeptide/oligopeptide binding proteins. The structural topology of these domains is most similar to that of the type 2 periplasmic binding proteins (PBP2), which are responsible for the uptake of a variety of substrates such as phosphate, sulfate, polysaccharides, lysine/arginine/ornithine, and histidine. The PBP2 bind their ligand in the cleft between these domains in a manner resembling a Venus flytrap. After binding their specific ligand with high affinity, they can interact with a cognate membrane transport complex comprised of two integral membrane domains and two cytoplasmically located ATPase domains. This interaction triggers the ligand translocation across the cytoplasmic membrane energized by ATP hydrolysis. Besides transport proteins, the PBP2 superfamily includes the ligand-binding domains from ionotropic glutamate receptors, LysR-type transcriptional regulators, and unorthodox sensor proteins involved in signal transduction.
cd13143, MATE_MepA_like, Subfamily of the multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE)-like proteins similar to Streptococcus aureus MepA. The integral membrane proteins from the MATE family are involved in exporting metabolites across the cell membrane and are responsible for multidrug resistance (MDR) in many bacteria and animals. This subfamily includes Streptococcus aureus MepA and Vibrio vulnificus VmrA and functions most likely as a multidrug efflux pump.
cd08021, M20_Acy1_YhaA-like, M20 Peptidase aminoacylase 1 subfamily, includes Bacillus subtilis YhaA and Staphylococcus aureus amidohydrolase, SACOL0085. Peptidase M20 family, uncharacterized subfamily of bacterial proteins predicted as putative amidohydrolases or hippurate hydrolases. These are a class of zinc binding homodimeric enzymes involved in hydrolysis of N-acetylated proteins. N-terminal acetylation of proteins is a widespread and highly conserved process that is involved in protection and stability of proteins. Several types of aminoacylases can be distinguished on the basis of substrate specificity. Aminoacylase 1 (ACY1) breaks down cytosolic aliphatic N-acyl-alpha-amino acids (except L-aspartate), especially N-acetyl-methionine and acetyl-glutamate into L-amino acids and an acyl group. However, ACY1 can also catalyze the reverse reaction, the synthesis of acetylated amino acids. ACY1 may also play a role in xenobiotic bioactivation as well as the inter-organ processing of amino acid-conjugated xenobiotic derivatives (S-substituted-N-acetyl-L-cysteine). This family includes Staphylococcus aureus amidohydrolase, SACOL0085, which contains two manganese ions in the active site, and forms a homotetramer with variations in interdomain orientation which possibly plays a role in the regulation of catalytic activity.
The bacterium proteins that are colored denote the protein is present at specific phage-related keywords (such as 'capsid', 'head', 'integrase', 'plate', 'tail', 'fiber', 'coat', 'transposase', 'portal', 'terminase', 'protease' or 'lysin' and 'tRNA')
